You should not quote more than three lines of text 1. Paraphrasing 1. Paraphrasing requires that you rephrase or restate the original idea. You should not simply substitute key phrases with synonyms and call it your own idea. Even if you do not directly quote a sentence and instead choose to paraphrase it, this still requires a citation. Paraphrased sentences are generally the same length as the original text 1.
Summarizing 1. Summaries also require a citation, as you are still borrowing original ideas from the author. Summaries are generally shorter than the original text, and address salient topics presented by the original author 1. Citations should occur in each sentence that includes unoriginal material.
Even if your entire paragraph is a summary, you should cite in each sentence rather than at the end of the paragraph. Facts, statistics, dates, and information 1. Any time you use facts, statistics, dates, or unoriginal information, you should cite the source. It is particularly important to build your arguments from reliable sources. If you already knew this expression, you should still give Sir Walter Scott credit for it because it has a distinct and identifiable origin.
We understand that citing your sources can be a little confusing, but it doesn't have to be overwhelming. Before you start, ask yourself these questions:. What type of source am I trying to cite? Where did I retrieve that source? What citation style am I supposed to use for my assignment? Once you've answered these questions, select the most appropriate option from either the APA or MLA dropdown menu on the left to see examples. Remember, individual help is always available through the Center for Academic Enhancement or email a Holy Family librarian at reference holyfamily.
It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. First, you have to think about how you want to identify your sources. If your sources are very important to your ideas, you should mention the author and work in a sentence that introduces your citation.
If, however, you are only citing the source to make a minor point, you may consider using parenthetical references, footnotes, or endnotes.
There are also different forms of citation for different disciplines. For example, when you cite sources in a psychology paper you would probably use a different form of citation than you might in a paper for an English class. Finally, you should always consult your instructor to determine the form of citation appropriate for your paper.
You can save a lot of time and energy simply by asking "How should I cite my sources," or "What style of citation should I use? In the following sections, we will take you step-by-step through some general guidelines for citing sources.
The first time you cite a source, it is almost always a good idea to mention its author s , title, and genre book, article, or web page, etc. If the source is central to your work, you may want to introduce it in a separate sentence or two, summarizing its importance and main ideas. But often you can just tag this information onto the beginning or end of a sentence. For example, the following sentence puts information about the author and work before the quotation:.
You may also want to describe the author s if they are not famous, or if you have reason to believe your reader does not know them. You should say whether they are economic analysts, artists, physicists, etc.
If you do not know anything about the author, and cannot find any information, it is best to say where you found the source and why you believe it is credible and worth citing.
For example,. If you have already introduced the author and work from which you are citing, and you are obviously referring to the same work, you probably don't need to mention them again. However, if you have cited other sources and then go back to one you had cited earlier, it is a good idea to mention at least the author's name again and the work if you have referred to more than one by this author to avoid confusion.
Taking the exact words from an original source is called quoting. You should quote material when you believe the way the original author expresses an idea is the most effective means of communicating the point you want to make. If you want to borrow an idea from an author, but do not need his or her exact words, you should try paraphrasing instead of quoting.
Most of the time, paraphrasing and summarizing your sources is sufficient but remember that you still have to cite them! Most of the time, you can just identify a source and quote from it, as in the first example above. Sometimes, however, you will need to modify the words or format of the quotation in order to fit in your paper. Whenever you change the original words of your source, you must indicate that you have done so. There are 60 minutes in an hour. Columbus is the capital of Ohio.
The whole is greater than the part. All you need to know about citing sources The online guide Citing Your Sources provides information on citation, style guides, citation tools, amd more.
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